Definition of tissue, plant tissue, types and their function

Cell:

Before understanding Tissue we need to know about cell. Cell is the fundamental unit of life. Any living organism whether it is plant or animal, which is the smallest structure is called cell.

Tissue:

A group of cells which are similar in structure and function and having in common origin is known as tissue. This means that we cannot just call group of cells as tissue. We will just say tissue whose structure and function will be the same. The study of Tissue is called histology.

Importance of Tissue:

1) Tissue consists of multicellular organism. Multicellular organism means that the many cells perform the same function together. In the same way, their separate groups are formed and each group performs its own function, like one group performs the function of digestion and other group performs the function of respiration.

2) When each group performs different functions, then the workload of each cell is also reduced. This does not force the cell to perform any other function.

3) Helps create organization such as

            Cell make tissue than tissue make organ than organ make organ system than after organ system make organism.

Basically tissues are of two types

1) Plant Tissue 2) Animal tissue

we will discuss only about plant tissue.

Plant tissue:

Plants are autotrophic organism. They prepare their food by process of photosynthesis. As we all know that plants are fixed. They do not move ahead except for a some unicellular algae. 

They do not need much energy, therefore most of the tissues of plants are supportive that provide them a structural strength. Their organ and organ system have less complex structural organisation.

These are some tissues in plants that divide throughout their life. Tissues divided for the growth and reproduction of plants.We can say that such types of tissues are localised in certain regions. 

Based on capacity of tissues, the various plant tissues can be classified as meristematic tissue and permanents tissue. Growth in plants is restricted to certain regions.

Classification of plant tissue:

 1) Meristematic tissue:-  

Cells are capable of cell division and have totipotency. Three types of meristematic tissues.

a) Apical meristem:-

Tips of root and stem.

b) Lateral meristem:-

Below bark, cambium, in dicot roots and stem.

c) Intercalary meristem:-

Inrenodes of stem

2) Permanent tissue:-

Mature cells incapable of cell division. They are of two types.

i) Simple permanent tissue:-

protective and supportive tissues composed of similar type of cells. They are of three types

a) Parenchyma    b) Collenchyma   c) Sclerenchyma

ii) Complex permanent tissue:-

Conductive tissues composed of more than one type of cells. They are of two types.

a) Xylem    b) Phloem

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Protective tissue

 

             

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Ishan Kumar