Protective tissue types and their function

Protective tissue:

As its name suggests, they act to protect tissue plants. They are present in the outermost layer of the tissue plant. They are usually of two types.
1) Epidermis        2) Cork(Phellem)

1) Epidermis:

Epidermis are present on the surface outside the plants. They act like as skin of the plant and form a protective layer in the plant. They are present in all parts of the plant such as leaves, stem, root.

shape and structure:

1) It is made of single layer of cell.

2) Their cells are elongated and flat.

3) It does not have intercellular space because its cells stick to each other so that they can protect the plant very well.

4) They are living.

Function:

1) The epidermis of dry habitat plants becomes thick so as to minimize the water losses in the plants.

2) Along with the deaf protection of the epidermis plants, the root creates long hair structure, due to which the root can absorb more nutrients and water.

3) The outer surface of epidermis has a wax layer of cutin called a cuticle. This layer protects plants from water losses, injury, fungal infection. These are not found in aquatic plants.

4) In Leaves the epidermis is absent at some place which we call stomata. Leading to gaseous exchange.

5) How much gaseous exchange is to happen and how much water vapor will go into the environment, they all decide the guard cell.

Stomata

2) Cork(Phellem):

When the plant grows, it changes from epidermis to cork. In other words, we can also say that when the plant is small, it has epidermis. As the plant starts growing, they get protection of cork. Cork is present in mature roots and shoots of plant.

shape and structure:

1) They have cell dead.

2) Their cells are compactly arranged.

3) They have no intercellular space.

4) Their wall have suberin

Function:

1) Protect the mature roots and shoots.

2) Cork releases a substance named suberin, which is water resistant (Water proof). It regulates gaseous exchange and water passage.

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Simple permanent tissue 

Complex permanent tissue 

Meristematic tissue

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Ishan Kumar